过去分词(1)

[例题]

1.Life is a candle meant to burn ever brighter.

(生活是一支越烧越明亮的蜡烛.)

2.The author gave a detailed description based on his personal observation of nature.

(作者根据他对大自然的观察，作了详细的描述.)

[解析]过去分词短语做定语一般要后置,该分词和被修饰词是逻辑上的动宾关系,该过去分词在作用上相当于一个定语从句.

[例题]

3.After a long walk on a hot day, one often feels exhausted.

(在经过炎热的一天长途步行之后,大家常常感到和疲倦.)

4.The teacher's lecture on American history was three hours long, and Morris felt very bored.

(关于美国历史的讲座长达3小时,莫里斯感到很烦.)

5.People can't but feel puzzled, for they simply can't understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.

(人们不能不感到困惑,因为他们简直不明白他怎么能犯那么愚蠢的错误.)

[解析]过去分词可以用作表语,这时该过去分词有被动含义.

[例题]

6.The manager promised to keep me informed of how our business was going on.

(经理许诺随时通知我生意进展的情况.)

7.They'll have you arrested if you don't pay your taxes.

(如果你不纳税，他们会抓你的.)

8.These students are quick at learning. We'll have them trained in new methods.

(这些学生学的很快，我们将用这些新方法训练他们.)

[解析]过去分词可以用作补足语,这时,过去分词与句子或宾语是逻辑动宾的关系。

过去分词(2)

[例题]

1.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely lost to the outside world.

(安娜正在读一本科幻小说,她完全沉浸在此书中了.)

2.Given enough time, water will dissolve almost everything.

(如果有足够的时间话，水几乎会溶解所有的东西.)

3.Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six pointed shape.

(在显微镜下,雪花呈精美的六角型.)

[解析]过去分词可以做状语,用来表示原因,条件,伴随,结果等,和句子主语是逻辑动宾关系.

[例题]

4.Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone added to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.

(随着每部新电话加入网络系统,电话系统的作用越来越大.同样,生产出的计算机程序也使计算机系统的作用越来越大了.)

5.Ford tried dividing the labor, each worker assigned a separate task.

(福特公司试着把劳动分工,分配给每个工人一项单一的工作.)

6.A new technique having been worked out, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.

(由于研制出一项新的技术,所以总产量增加了20%.)

[解析]过去分词用在独立分词结构中可以做状语，有时前面可加with或without.