动名词(1)

[例题]

1.Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.

(作为一个教师,当他所塑造的泥人开始呼吸时,人们就把他看成是创造者.)

2.Compiling a dictionary takes much time, patience and a lot of care.

(编写一本字典需要大量的时间,耐心以及努力.)

[解析]动名词作主语,表示某个一般的动作,或表示说话者的亲身经历.

[例题]

3.Mark often attempts so to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

(每当马克思违反交通规则时,他常常设法逃避受罚.)

4.She didn't remember having met him before.

(她忘记从前见过他.)

5.The teacher doesn't permit smoking in class.

(老师不允许上课时吸烟.)

6.The guests said that they wouldn't mind having a little light music.

(客人说他们不介意放点轻音乐.)

7.I would appreciate your keeping it a secret.

(能如此保守秘密我将很感激.)

8.I can't understand why he avoided speaking to us.

(我不明白他为什么总不跟我们说话.)

[解析]只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有:acknowledge, admit, advise, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, involve, mind, miss, postpone, practice, quit, resist, suggest等. can not help doing是固定词组,意为"不得不","不由得".

动名词(2)

[例题]

1.He has always insisted on his being called Dr Turner instead of Mr.Turner.

(他一直坚持让别人叫他特纳医生而不是特纳先生.)

2.Little Franz was very late that morning on his way to school and was afraid of being punished by the teacher.

（小弗郎茨那天上学在路上耽搁了，他怕挨老师的批评。）

3.I am sure your suggestion will contribute to having solving the problem.

(我确信你的建议会有助于解决问题.)

4.The man in the corner confessed to having told a lie to the manager of the company.

(角落里的那个男士承认向老板说了谎.)

[解析]在动名词做介词的宾语时,应特别注意在一些动词短语后的to究竟是介词还是不定式的符号.下面是常见的带介词"to"的动词短语,其要求跟动名词:yield to, confess to, be accustomed to, be used to, be opposed to, admit to, devote...to..., object to, contribute等.

[例题]

5.This sentence needs improving.

(这句子需要修改.)

6.Oh, excellent. It's worth reading a second time.

(噢,太棒了!它值得再读一遍.)

7.These young trees require looking after carefully.

(这些小树需要精心护理.)

[解析]在need, worth, require等从此后往往用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义.

动名词(3)

[例题]

1.Jean didn't have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy preparing for her examination.

(昨晚珍没有时间去听音乐会,因为她正忙着准备考试.)

2.Sometimes very young children have trouble separating fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.

(有时小孩很难区分什么是事实,什么是虚构，他们相信这样的虚构的确是存在的.)

3.The money is lost, there is no use crying over spilt milk.

(钱已经丢了,后悔是没用的.)

4.Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.

(艾丽斯很难管住这些孩子，因为孩子太多了。)

[解析]动名词在固定搭配中，如：be busy doing sth., have trouble doing sth., cannot help doing sth., have difficulty doing sth., It's no use(good)doing sth., There is no doing sth., There is not any doing sth., There is no use doing sth.等.

[例题]

5.I remember him once offering to help us if we ever got into trouble.

(我记得有一次他主动说，如果我们陷入困境,他会帮助我们的.)

6.He forgot about my asking him to join us for dinner.

(他把我请他参加我们晚宴的事忘记了。)

[解析]"物主代词+动名词"或"名词所有格+动名词"或"名词或人称代词宾格+动名词"构成动名词的复合结构,该结构可用作宾语.一般来说，对于有生命的名词来说,既可用动名词也可用名词所有格,但以直接使用名词为宜;对于无生命的名词来说,一般要避免使用所有格,对于指代人的代词来说,使用其物主代词为宜.